linuxawk命令介绍和简单案例

linux awk 命令介绍和简单案例

awk 是一个强大的文本处理工具和编程语言，广泛用于 Linux 和 Unix 系统中。它用于扫描和处理文本文件，支持模式匹配和数据提取

一：介绍

root@meng:~# awk

Usage: awk [POSIX or GNU style options] -f progfile [--] file ...

Usage: awk [POSIX or GNU style options] [--] 'program' file ...

POSIX options: GNU long options: (standard)

-f progfile --file=progfile

-F fs --field-separator=fs

-v var=val --assign=var=val

Short options: GNU long options: (extensions)

-b --characters-as-bytes

-c --traditional

-C --copyright

-d[file] --dump-variables[=file]

-D[file] --debug[=file]

-e 'program-text' --source='program-text'

-E file --exec=file

-g --gen-pot

-h --help

-i includefile --include=includefile

-l library --load=library

-L[fatal|invalid|no-ext] --lint[=fatal|invalid|no-ext]

-M --bignum

-N --use-lc-numeric

-n --non-decimal-data

-o[file] --pretty-print[=file]

-O --optimize

-p[file] --profile[=file]

-P --posix

-r --re-interval

-s --no-optimize

-S --sandbox

-t --lint-old

-V --version

To report bugs, see node `Bugs' in `gawk.info'

which is section `Reporting Problems and Bugs' in the

printed version. This same information may be found at

https://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/manual/html_node/Bugs.html.

PLEASE do NOT try to report bugs by posting in comp.lang.awk,

or by using a web forum such as Stack Overflow.

gawk is a pattern scanning and processing language.

By default it reads standard input and writes standard output.

Examples:

awk '{ sum += $1 }; END { print sum }' file

awk -F: '{ print $1 }' /etc/passwd

二：基本语法

awk 'pattern { action }' input-filepattern：用于匹配输入行的模式。action：在匹配的行上执行的操作。input-file：要处理的输入文件。

三：案例介绍

root@meng:~# vi meng.txt

root@meng:~# cat meng.txt