linux 的badblocks命令介绍

badblocks 是一个用于检查存储设备（如硬盘或闪存驱动器）中坏块的 Linux 命令。坏块是指那些无法可靠使用的存储块，可能由于物理损坏或其他问题导致数据无法读取或写入

badblocks 命令可以在不同的模式下运行，包括非破坏性读取模式和破坏性写入模式。它能够生成坏块列表，这些信息可以用于其他程序（如 mkfs）来避免使用这些坏块

一：命令介绍

root@meng:~# badblocks

Usage: badblocks [-b block_size] [-i input_file] [-o output_file] [-svwnfBX]

[-c blocks_at_once] [-d delay_factor_between_reads] [-e max_bad_blocks]

[-p num_passes] [-t test_pattern [-t test_pattern [...]]]

device [last_block [first_block]]

root@meng:~# badblocks --help

badblocks: invalid option -- '-'

Usage: badblocks [-b block_size] [-i input_file] [-o output_file] [-svwnfBX]

[-c blocks_at_once] [-d delay_factor_between_reads] [-e max_bad_blocks]

[-p num_passes] [-t test_pattern [-t test_pattern [...]]]

device [last_block [first_block]]

二：案例介绍

root@meng:~# lsblk

NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS

loop0 7:0 0 63.9M 1 loop /snap/core20/2264

loop1 7:1 0 63.9M 1 loop /snap/core20/2318

loop3 7:3 0 87M 1 loop /snap/lxd/28373

loop4 7:4 0 38.7M 1 loop /snap/snapd/21465

loop5 7:5 0 38.8M 1 loop /snap/snapd/21759

loop6 7:6 0 87M 1 loop /snap/lxd/29351

sda 8:0 0 35G 0 disk

├─sda1 8:1 0 1M 0 part

├─sda2 8:2 0 2G 0 part /boot

└─sda3 8:3 0 33G 0 part

└─ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv 253:0 0 33G 0 lvm /

sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom

root@meng:~# badblocks -v /dev/sda

Checking blocks 0 to 36700159

Checking for bad blocks (read-only test):

done

Pass completed, 0 bad blocks found. (0/0/0 errors)

root@meng:~#

执行非破坏性读写测试，确保不会擦除数据：

root@meng:~# badblocks -nsv /dev/sda

/dev/sda is apparently in use by the system; it's not safe to run badblocks!